Capillary Action
This occurs when two surfaces are parallel with each other, for example external wall cladding where water
runs from the top surface and can be drawn underneath, creep back and penetrate any untreated areas of timber,
causing further problems such as wood rot or blisters.
Also, when moisture is absorbed into a porous material from floor level upwards.
Often referred to as rising damp due to faulty damp proofing.
Cast Iron
Cast iron is formed by smelting iron ore and mixing it with scrap metals and other alloys.
The liquid mixture is then poured into moulds and allowed to cool and solidify. The resulting material is extremely strong, although brittle.
Chalk Line
A length of line suitably chalked, and when held tight at two points and plucked leaves a straight line on the surface.
Chalking
Powdering of a surface paint film on weathering and exposed to UV rays . Particularly south facing elevations.
Chase
A groove cut into a wall of floor surface to insert conduit pipes for electrics which will then be plastered/concreted over.
Cheesy
The character of a varnish or paint film which is mechanically weak or soft although the overall film is dry.
Chipping
Where a paint coating has become brittle due to age and broken away when knocked.
Readily happens when oil paint is applied over a varnished surface where inadequate preparation has taken place.